Altricial species of birds
(including all parrots and birds of prey) are blind and helpless when
they hatch and it is some weeks before they are able to move around,
control their body temperature and feed themselves.
Brooders are absolute necessity when hand rearing birds. We have a
number of brooders to offer. Some are of our own design and we also
offer two Brinsea models for those who prefer a more high-tech
unit.
Cage'N Bird Brooders
W
e take pride in
our hand-crafted products. Cage’N Birds’ Avian Pediatric Environments are
extensively tested and continually in use in our own nursery. We have
hands-on experience and have been continually working with these brooders
and heaters since the mid 1980’s.
Beware of copies and knockoffs.These pirate companies who have attempted to reproduce
our brooders DO NOT have the experience or expertise to understand the
Cage'N Bird brooder concept.
Wanda Barras'
20 Year experience in Avian Pediatrics is behind each Cage'N Bird brooder.
Simple design adjustments and material
changes have been made over the years to improve and simplify an already
successful concept. Water Nannies, Baby Corrals Baby Nurse Cuddlers (water
heaters) and BHW’s are used and recommended by breeders, veterinarians, zoos
and REHAB facilities all over the country. Our
Cage’N Bird’s brooders are unique
and successfully based on proven scientific principles. Our brooders are
different, but that difference is what makes them technically superior,
extremely easy to use, portable and safe. All CNB brooders are shipped
completely assembled with easy to understand instructions.On receiving your brooder give us a call and Wanda
will answer all your questions and help you get started.
CAGE’N
BIRD’S OWN WATER NANNIE BROODER
The
WATER NANNIE “Jr.”, “Orig.” and “Deluxe”
are Designed Primarily As A Day One Brooder.
Larger units do better with babies over 1 week old.
Water, a natural heating medium, provides soothing
warmth that makes babies more comfortable, less
stressed and able to adapt more readily to the
artificial environment provided for their well being.
Heat radiating from surrounding water emulates the
brooding temperature of birds in nature. Because water
is the heating medium, higher humidity levels are a
plus. Humidity is an important factor in the proper
development of nestlings. Strategically placed weep
holes encourage humidity to enter the brooding
container. Moist heat is more desirable and healthier
then unnatural dry heat and fans.The
unique design of the Water Nannie encourages a gentle
heat to radiate from the bottom and sides of the
brooder naturally surrounding the chick in warmth
(incubation using the forced air concept is unnatural
and can prove unhealthy) Our brooders are
designed with a slight variation in the
radiating temperature from left side to right side.
This 1 to 2 degrees difference in temperature
encourages unfeathered babies to gravitate to the area
(temperature) they are most comfortable. Hatchlings
are not forced to rely entirely on humans to
regulate their environment. Babies will go to the area
they are most comfortable! Water Nannie’s are thermostatically controlled and can be manually adjusted from 83°
to 100°F.
Water
Nannies (“Jr.”, “Orig.”,"Deluxe" & “Special Mama”)
are completely portable. All Water Nannie
brooders will naturally and safely maintain a healthy
brooding environment for approximately 4 hours, un-plugged---
successfully utilizing the natural scientific
"Principal of Stored Heat".
Water
Nannie "Jr." and "Original" &
"Deluxe" can be
easily converted into a convenient hatcher. Pipping
eggs are safely hatched inside the Water
Nannie using our Hatcher Kit and following directions. Complete instructions
are included with this kit. WN “Jr.”, WN “Orig.”
& "Deluxe" are recommended for day one to
approximately 2 to 3 week old hatchlings.
The "Special
Mama",
work best for larger species and those over 2 weeks.
Great for show casing babies in pet shops or for use
in veterinary hospitals.
All Water Nanniesinclude a strategically
placed inside thermometer, an easy view outside
thermometer, also a handy
stem thermometer that can double as a formula
thermometer,2 containers which completely
unassembled for easy cleanup (I put the baby container
part in my dishwasher), 2 clamps, & a well
ventilated lid with viewing door. Nannie Tote
insulated carrier, is included with the WN
"Jr.", "Orig." & DELUXE and
Special Mama.
Water
Nannie, "Jr." wt. Hatch. Kit(ID.: H 8"x W 6"x L 9")#BR-N1-CB$143.95
Water Nannie "Original"wt.
Hatch Kit(IDI:
H 9"x W 7"x L 12")
#BR-N2-CB$149.95
Water
NannieDeluxe wt.
Hatch Kit slightly
larger than Orig.#BR-DN-CB$175.95
***
See below
“SPECIAL
MAMA”(Large
easy view cover door)ID H 10 x W9 x L13#BR-SP-CB$185.95
We
ship all brooders completely assembled with
samples of recommended bedding arranged
within, (BROODER-DRI
Pad, Plastic Grid Mesh, X-A Brooder Liner, and BABY
BEDDING). A Moisture Button is
included with all Water Nannies. The "Jr."
& "Deluxe" & "Orig."
WN includes our HATCHER KIT wt. Day-1
instructions.
Carefully
read the directions before setting
up your new Cage'N Bird Brooder
Do call us after setting up your brooder. We will go
over all particulars and answer all your questions.
***WATER
NANNIE DELUXE BROODER
(Deluxe issomewhat
larger then our WN. "Orig".)A
CompleteWN
set up wt. carrier
WithYour Choice Water Nannie "Jr" or
"Original"Brooder
A
must for any one who is considering pulling day one
babies to hand-feed.
Everything you could
possibly need to hand-feed day one babies is in this
kit. Including our "Common Sense
Approach to Hand-feeding" booklet, Syringes, pipettes, bedding, formula, thermometers,
Baby Support Ring, disinfectants, electrolyte,
lactobacillus & more.
BR-JDK-CB
(Day One kit wt WN Jr)$199.95BR-ODK-CB
(Day One
kit wt WN Orig.)$210.00
BR-DDK-CB
(Day One
kit wt WN Deluxe .)$230.00
We
will customize kit, call for consultation
or email (Kit will include approximately $75+ value
in supplies, not including Brooder)
Baby
Support Ring
Our "Original"
Baby Support Ring Highly recommended for
babies under 1 week old. Unique design
gives support to fragile hatchlings. Unlike
uncomfortable and unnatural butter tubs used by many
breeders, the adjustable BABY SUPPORT RING gives
gentle support to the legs and upper body of tiny
hatchlings, particularly those under 1 wk. old.
This supporting ring has proven beneficial in the
prevention and correction of conditions such as
splayed leg. The BABY SUPPORT RING can be used
to separate and support several babies or older
babies by simply untying the ends. Soft
cuddly, washable doughnut-shaped device.
Recommended for use in our Water
Nannies and in conjunction with our Chick Mattress.
BR-SR-CB............$5.95
Moisture
Buttons
Moisture
Buttons can help raise the humidity within a brooder
a degree for two. An elevation of two to
three degrees on a wet bulb can be crucial,
especially in dry climates. Small perforated
plastic containers are filled with a special
moisture retaining material that helps boost
humidity levels. Simply soak with water.
3 Buttons per package
BR-MB-CB............$6.50
The One and Only
Cage’N Bird
BABY CORRAL
Beware Of Imitators &
Knockoffs!
Wanda Barras' 20 Year experience in Avian Pediatrics is
behind each Cage'N Bird brooder.
All New Streamlined Design
Our
New Baby Corrals
are uncomplicated, economical, portable, easy to clean, and extremely safe
and reliable. This adaptable brooder
(available in 2 sizes), is able to handle babies from tiny parakeets to
large Macaws. The Baby Corral is at its best when brooding a clutch of
babies in various stages of development.
Baby Corrals utilize the natural
scientific "Principal of Stored Heat" which enables the BC to radiate
constant warmth even while unplugged for up to 4 hours. The single heating
element is safely surrounded by water and constantly distributes even heat at a
pre-set temperature.
No
dials to turn! No knobs to set! No complicated thermostats to adjust and
re-adjust! An ideal brooder for inexperienced novice or busy
aviculturist/breeder.
Baby Corrals are designed for those who regularly pull
babies at about 2 weeks but do feed younger babies now and then. This adaptable
brooder will meet your needs in all situations. We have
included a Baby Platform and Birdie Blanket Towel Drape accessory to be used when
brooding those babies 2 weeks old and under .
Baby
Corrals are constructed of easy to clean, unbreakable molded plastic. The unit
consists of a large hood or cover with
a large Plexiglas door and a spacious bottom
container. The brooder is roomy enough for a number of babies. Special features
are designed into each Baby Corral to make clean up easier. These features
discourage the growth of dangerous bacteria, mold and fungus.
Each Baby Corral includes a
Baby Platform & Birdie Blanket
Towel Drape(included
but not necessary for operation). This darkens the brooder interior and intensifies
the warmth surrounding the heater (recommended for use with
babies 2 weeks old or younger ,Platform
& Towel drape are visible
in above photo (Baby Corral cover is optional when using
Platform & Drape). We also include samples of our bedding materials:
A washable Brooder-Dri Pad to
wick moisture from droppings. A plastic grid used as a barrier between the
moisture contained in the Brooder-Dri pad and the upper bedding materials. Upper
bedding layers consist of X-Absorbent Brooder Liner and finally--- our famous
Baby Bedding. Only the Baby Bedding and X-Absorbent Liner must be changed
regularly. Baby Corral 1 includes a 1.75 qt. Baby Nurse heater. Baby Corral II
includes a newly designed, large 3 qt. Baby Nurse. Each Baby
Nurse heater includesa washable
cloth cover and
interior mounted thermometer.
A
second 5-1/2"
stem thermometer is conveniently
mounted on top of the outside cover of the Baby Corral for easy temperature monitoring.
Thermometer can also double as a formula thermometer and comes with calibration
instructions.
The
Baby Corral has been in production since 1988! This unit is truly the safest and
easiest to maintain brooder on the market.
Baby Corral I
is recommended for the smaller parrot species or
younger larger parrots. Ideally for clutches of Cockatiels, Love Birds, Grass
Parakeets and small parrots such as Senagals, Conures and Ring Necks,
smaller Amazons and T. Grays.
BABY
CORRAL I (I.D.:H 13"X W
11" X L 16') ...$132.95........ #BR-C1-CB
Baby Corral II
is ideal for larger species: Amazons, Macaws and
Cockatoos, or larger numbers of babies.
BABY
CORRAL II (I.D.: H 15" X W 13" X L 18')$143.95......
#BR-C2-CB
NOVICE
HAND-FEEDERS KIT
With Your Choice Baby CorralI or II Brooder
(If
you pull babies over 2 weeks old)
Perfect
for your first hand-feeding experience.
We
pack this kit full of helpful information and
products to get started in the right direction.
Syringes, pipettes, bedding, lactobacillus,
electrolyte, formula, thermometers,
disinfectants, our "Common Sense Approach to
Hand-feeding" booklet & a whole lot more.
#BR-BK1-CB
(Kit I for sm. to med.
species)$195.50#BR-BK2-CB
(Kit II for larger
species)$199.95
Please do specify species as we can customize kit
as to the bird(s) you will be hand-feeding. Call for
consultation.
(Kit will include approximately $75 + value in
supplies, not including Brooder)
CAGE'N BIRD'S OWN BABY NURSE CUDDLER
---The Safe,
Economical, Brooder
Heater---
The Safe Brooder Heater---
Many people have been requesting an inexpensive, reliable and adaptable brooder
heater that
could be used as a brooder back-up and in emergency situations. Our CUDDLERS were designed using the same natural principles realized in our Baby
Corrals. The BABY NURSE CUDDLER is a pre-set, thermostatically controlled, water
heated, independent brooder heater. This highly versatile heating unit makes it
possible to convert any container into an economical and safe brooding
environment. We offer 4 CUDDLER sizes/styles to meet your needs. A TWO-QUART CUDDLER(5" in diameter and 8" tall)
,the NEWHEXAGON 3 QUART
CUDDLER, and the larger NEW
FLAT SIDEDGALLON CUDDLER (6"
in diameter &
10" tall)for containers larger then a 10-gallon tank size.Each CUDDLER includes a mounted thermometer, a
washable cloth cover with instructions.
( ship. wt. 2.5
lb.
The same basic Cuddler but even better! We think you will be pleased.Please Call for Availability on our Flat Sided
Gallon Cuddler.
#BR-S3-CB(cover for 3 qt)$3.50#BR-SGC-CB(flat sided gal.)
$3.95
#BR-CT-CBreplacement (thermometer for Cuddler)
$5.00
Replacement Elastics for Cuddlers
#BR-E2Q-CB
Replacement Elastic for Two Qt..…..$2.00
#BR-E3Q-CB Replacement Elastic
for Three Qt........$2.00
#BR-FSG-CB
Replacement Elastic for Flat Side Gallon...…..$2.50
B-H-W
CAGE’N BIRD’S
BROODER/HOSPITAL/WEANING CAGE
Our B-H-W is a well-ventilated, electrically heated brooder, hospital or weaning
cage.
The partially enclosed design of this brooder allows a healthy
flow of air which stimulates young birds and seems to encourage early
weaning. A comfortable temperature of 88° to 90° F is automatically maintained
at the rear of the brooder. Recommended for 2-½ week old Cockatiels, lovebird,
conure and other just feathered parrot babies. Temperature zones within the
B-H-W allow active maturing birds to seek out comfortable areas within the
brooder. This encourages independence and natural weaning.
The BHW’s informal design gently accustoms babies
to an unheated environment.
The heat source is simple and unpretentious, yet ideal for
pre-weaning and weaning age babies. Its simplicity makes the
B-H-W practical and economical. A therapeutic 25-watt red electric
light bulb keeps babies warm. 40 watt or higher wattage bulbs are seldom needed
except in extreme conditions. Sometimes higher wattage is required for sick or
younger babies. Red bulbs are less stressful, soothing, encourage weaning,
stimulate the appetite, and contributes to the psychological and physical well
being of growing babies.
Minor adjustments of the brooders interior temperature is uncomplicated and
easily accomplished by manually covering or uncovering air vents and openings.
Our B-H-W containers are portable but will not maintain heat for an extended
period (electricity is needed for heat to be maintained for extended periods). .
B-H-W's
are made of sturdy molded plastic and snap-apart construction.
BHW I includes a handle which makes it great for trips to the vet
or as a traveling container. These brooders are easy to clean and disinfect.We recommend you order an extra pan and grid as a time saving aide
for quick and sanitary cleanup. Removable PVC coated wire grids keep birds above
and out of unhealthy droppings and food.
Order one of our Sweet Beak and Feet Training Perches for
inside your BHW. . see below.
Our B-H-W Iis ideal for a clutch of about 5 to 8 Cockatiels, Quakers, or Love Birds.
Larger species do well in the B-H-W II, but I have put Greys and Amazons in the
smaller B-H-W I with no problem.
B-H-W I(I.D. H11-3/4”x W12-1/2”x L16-1/2")B-H-W
II (I.D.
H12-3/4"xW14"xL20")
A
BASIC B-H-W
consists of a snap together 2 piece molded plastic
container, a removable suspended plastic coated wire grid, a large well-secured
wire door and a securely mounted ceramic light socket wt. 25 watt red bulb &
mounted thermometer
EXTRA GRID AND PAN
for BASIC B-H-W(not available with Deluxe
Models)
Order an extra pan and grid for quick and easy cleanup#BR-G1-CB(for
B-H-W I)$
15.95#BR-G2-CB(for B-H-W
II)
$16.50
All
New DELUXE B-H-Wconsists of our new spacious
container with handle plus a 71/2, 25 and a 50
watt commercial quality red light bulb, a thermometer, feeding dish, and water
bottle. All New design and container.
Ideal night light for aviary or pet birds. These
high quality industrial bulbs are the bulbs used in our BHW brooders.
These bulbs are extremely durable and last a long time. The light of
choice for brooders that require light bulbs as the heat source. White or clear
bulbs are entirely too harsh for young birds. Red lights are more soothing and
seem to encourage weaning. These bulbs are also recommended as night lights in
aviaries. The muted color does not disturb roosting birds and prevents night
fright. available in 3
wattage’s
#BR-R4-BE40 WATT
bulb ( used for
very young or sick birds) $6.95
Sweet
Feet & Beak Training Perches
BR-SR-JS 10"x 7" x 6"
Teeter tooter Rocker / Swing...........$29.95
BR-LR-JS 14" x 11" x 11'
Teeter Totter Rocker / Swing........$38.95
BR-HK-JS Hanging
Kit for Teeter Totter................................$5.00
BR-XS-JS
X-Small Baby Training Stand.............................$10.95
BR-SM-JS Small Baby
Training Stand................................$14.95
BR-MD-JS Med. Baby
Training Stand.................................$15.95
BR-SW-JS Small
Extra Wide Training Stand......................$15.95
BR-MW-JS Med. Extra Wide
Training Stand........................$16.95
Brinsea
Octagon 20
Parrot Rearing Module
Limited Supply Available, call
Octagon 20 Parrot Rearing Module complete wt
incubator top—A low cost high performance brooder. Top of
Octagon 20 incubator provides temperature & ventilation control while module
provides extra space & visibility
Allows the Octagon 20 to be
used as a high performance brooder. Top of Octagon 20 provides temperature &
ventilation control while module provides & visibility.
#BR-RMC-BP(R. Module/incubator top
set) includes S/H
$375.00
#BR-RM-BP(Parrot Rearing Module base
only)includes
S/H
$157.00
***Price includes ship/hand within
Continental US***
For Those Who Demand High Tec
The
advanced Octagon Thermal Life-support Cabinet Brooder
For some years Brinsea have been canvassing
opinions about the ideal brooder for baby parrots and their new TLC-4 (Thermal
Life-support Cabinet) is the outcome.
During the
first few weeks of life young birds need to be kept in a clean,
temperature controlled environment as free as possible from airborne
contaminants such as fungal spores and dust. As they grow and develop down and
feathers they can gradually tolerate lower temperatures and
The TLC-4 is easily adjusted to the right temperature
Altricial species of birds (including all parrots and birds of prey) are
blind and helpless when they hatch and it is some weeks before they are
able to move around, control their body temperature and feed themselves.
During this period the young birds need to be kept in a clean, temperature
controlled environment as free as possible from airborne contaminants such
as fungal spores and dust. As they grow and develop down and feathers they
can gradually tolerate lower temperatures and the breeder needs to be able
to reduce the chamber temperature easily, whilst still maintaining
control. Young birds also benefit from being able to see humans from
within the chamber; during this early stage in their development it is
essential for young birds to become familiar with the presence of people
if they are to be tame in adulthood.
Brooder and Hospital Cage in one--The new
Octagon TLC-4 brooder fulfils all these functions very cost effectively
and can also double as a Hospital Cage for sick or injured birds. The
bird(s) are gently warmed by Brinsea's unique OmnithermTMheating system which evenly radiates heat from almost the entire
internal surface of the chamber walls.
The walls of the TLC-4 are slightly warmer than the air temperature within
the chamber. Proven proportional band electronic temperature circuitry
gives precise control of air temperature over a wide temperature range.
The TLC-4 includes an independent calibrated digital display of air
temperature as standard.
The
carefully designed fan-assisted airflow
gently circulates air within the cabinet through a replaceable two-stage
electrostatic filter medium which removes airborne dust and down generated
by the bird(s). At the same time a small, controlled amount of fresh air
is drawn into the chamber through a second filter system, over the TLC-4's
water reservoir and into the chamber.
The design of the air circulation system results in a slight positive
pressure within the chamber which resists the inflow of any unfiltered air
from outside. This use of slight pressure differences is a proven method
in hospital isolation wards to resist the spread of airborne bio hazards.
The interior of the bird chamber is entirely free of hard-to-clean
mechanisms and protrusions. The fan, temperature sensors, heater and light
are housed behind panels. Only the circulation filter is accessible from
within the chamber for cleaning/renewal. The internal walls of the chamber
are white to enhance visibility and cleaning. A switchable, low power
light illuminates the interior for cleaning and inspection of birds. The
simple toughness of the interior also resists damage which can be caused
by larger birds.
Warm air at brooding temperature can result in dehydration of the
hatchling so the TLC-4 incorporates a water reservoir over which incoming
air is drawn to increase humidity within the chamber. The water reservoir
is filled from outside the unit and is clear, allowing the user to monitor
the water level. The low weight of the TLC-4 and the integral handle make
it easy to carry. The feet in the base of the cabinet match recesses in
the top so that multiple units can be stacked safely. The unique curved
door slides conveniently around the back for easy access to the interior
but the lack of edges and smooth internal surface mean that even the most
determined bird will not escape.
As with all Brinsea products the Octagon TLC-4 brooder is manufactured
under
their ISO9002 quality assurance system which is
independently assessed to ensure consistent and reliable production.
Set of 4 quadrant nest tubs to fit the circular shape of
the parrot brooder.
#BR-TNT-BP (Set
of 4 Nest Tubs) $16.99 includes
shipping
TLC-5
Large Portable Intensive Care Brooder
NEW full featured large portable parrot brooder or
intensive care unit for home
or car use. Ideal for hand-raising
baby birds or caring for sick, injured birds
and other small animals.
Introductory low price for a limited
time.
#BR-IC5-BP(TLC-5 lg Portable Brooder)$690.00
***Price includes ship/hand within Continental US***
BROODER/WEANING CAGE
ACCESSORIES
New, Cage'N Bird's Heated Chick
Mattress
--Keeping
delicate un-feathered chicks warm while
hand-feeding or during examination can be a challenge. Cage'N
Birds New Chick Mattress fits the bill. A snuggly 9 1/2 inch
diameter fleece disc is filled with approximately 2 lbs of
uncooked rice grains. Before
hand-feeding, Chick Mattress is placed in the microwave for
approximately 2 minutes (some microwaves may require more time,
some less). The rice has a pleasant, soothi
ng smell when
warm. The Chick Mattress will
remain warm for approximately one half hour.
#BD-HCM-PP$11.75 ea
One Chick Mattress, and a washable 4 1/2" terry
cloth disc
4 day old Goffin Cockatoo
Baby
Support Ring
Our "Original"
Baby Support Ring Highly recommended for
babies under 1 week old. Unique design
gives support to fragile hatchlings. Unlike
uncomfortable and unnatural butter tubs used by many
breeders, the adjustable BABY SUPPORT RING gives
gentle support to the legs and upper body of tiny
hatchlings, particularly those under 1 wk. old.
This supporting ring has proven beneficial in the
prevention and correction of conditions such as
splayed leg. The BABY SUPPORT RING can be used
to separate and support several babies or older
babies by simply untying the ends. Soft
cuddly, washable doughnut-shaped device.
Recommended for use in our Water
Nannies and in conjunction with our Chick Mattress.
BR-SR-CB............$5.95
Moisture
Buttons
Moisture
Buttons can help raise the humidity within a brooder
a degree for two. An elevation of two to
three degrees on a wet bulb can be crucial,
especially in dry climates. Small perforated
plastic containers are filled with a special
moisture retaining material that helps boost
humidity levels. Simply soak with water.
3 Buttons per package
BR-MB-CB............$5.95
Temperature Alarm Module
Continuous protection for valuable eggs from:
Power cuts
Blown
fuses
Disconnection from mains
Tampering
with temperature settings
Temperature fluctuations
Incubator
failure
#HT-T100-BP
$279.00
for Octagon 100 or 250
#HT-T20-BP $279.00
for any incubator or brooder
When disaster strikes and your developing chicks are threatened by any of
the everyday problems listed above, the most important protection is for the
breeder to be quickly made aware of the crisis.
If power failure
happens in the middle of the night, the damage will have been done before
morning, but in most cases action can be taken to protect the eggs, provided the
user is alerted.
The Brinsea
temperature alarm module offers immediate warning of change in temperature
within an incubator. It relies on independent detection of temperature and
includes an internal battery backup to allow the alarm to continue to sound in
the event of a mains power failure. The high and low temperature limits are
adjustable and in most cases the alarm can be set to go off if the temperature
varies by 1.0ºF (0.5°C).
The module is available in two versions:
TheT100 for fitting to Brinsea Octagon 100 or 250 incubators,
only. The T100 can be retro-fitted to Octagon 100 series incubators and
fitting instructions are available.
The T20
can be fitted to any incubator or brooder. The T20 can be used to warn of
temperaturevariation in any environment within its operating
range of 77 - 104ºF range (25 - 40°C). The T20 simply requires its sensor to be
inserted into the enclosure through a hole of about ¼ inch (6mm) diameter.
Both the high and
low limits are easily adjustable with screwdriver operated trimmers. The system
is flexible and allows the user to set the alarm sound if the temperature
deviates by +1.0ºF or -3.0ºF (for example) from any temperature within 77 -
104ºF range.
A 'Silence Alarm'
feature allows the sounder to be de-activated for about 10 minutes - useful when
opening the incubator to check eggs. The sounder automatically resets after 10
minutes so there is no danger of the sounder being left inoperative by accident.
The internal
battery backup allows the alarm to continue warning of a mains failure for
several hours. The backup battery is automatically recharged when reconnected to
the mains.
TheOrder Form
is in the PDF format (Portable Document
Format).
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both high resolution text and color graphics. To view
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